初中英語(yǔ)9大基本句型
在日常的學(xué)習(xí)中，看到知識(shí)點(diǎn)，都是先收藏再說(shuō)吧！知識(shí)點(diǎn)也可以通俗的理解為重要的內(nèi)容。為了幫助大家更高效的學(xué)習(xí)，以下是小編為大家收集的初中英語(yǔ)9大基本句型，歡迎大家分享。
一、簡(jiǎn)單句的九大基本句型
1. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)”(即“主謂”句型)
這一句型英漢語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)形式完全相同，說(shuō)明“某人或某物如何動(dòng)作”，或者說(shuō)“某人或某物自身怎樣運(yùn)動(dòng)”。
例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.
分析：“他們”(主語(yǔ))“到了”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)。
The earth turns around the sun.地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太陽(yáng)東升西落。
2. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)”(即“主謂賓”句型)
這一句型英漢語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)形式完全相同，用以說(shuō)明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者說(shuō)“某人或某物發(fā)出了動(dòng)作，并且其動(dòng)作涉及到另一個(gè)人或物”。
例：I study English.
分析：“我”(主語(yǔ))“學(xué)習(xí)”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“英語(yǔ)”(賓語(yǔ)即動(dòng)作涉及的對(duì)象)。
I like swimming.我喜歡游泳。
3. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)”(即“主謂雙賓”句型)
這一句型英漢語(yǔ)序結(jié)構(gòu)相同，說(shuō)明“某人為誰(shuí)(間接賓語(yǔ)為人)做某事”，或者說(shuō)“某人或物的運(yùn)動(dòng)涉及到兩個(gè)對(duì)象，其中一個(gè)間接對(duì)象為人，另一個(gè)為物”。
例：Our teacher taught us English.
分析：“我們的老師”(主語(yǔ))“教”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“我們”(間接賓語(yǔ))“英語(yǔ)”(直接賓語(yǔ))。
4. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”(即“主謂賓補(bǔ)”句型)
這一句型說(shuō)明“某人或某物要求(使、讓)某人做什么”或“某人感覺(jué)某人或物怎么樣”。
例： He asked her to go there.
分析：“他”(主語(yǔ))“要求”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“她”(賓語(yǔ)即動(dòng)作涉及的對(duì)象)“去那里”(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)―補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)做什么)。
5. “主語(yǔ) + have + 賓語(yǔ)”(即“擁有”句型)
這一句型主要用于說(shuō)明“某人或某物擁有什么(賓語(yǔ)，即有形或無(wú)形的資源)”。
例： You have a nice watch. 你有一塊漂亮的手表
分析：“你”擁有一塊漂亮的手表，即你擁有一個(gè)可以及時(shí)且漂亮的器具。
6. “There + be + 主語(yǔ)+ …”(即“存在”句型)
這一句型用以說(shuō)明“在某地或某時(shí)存在某人或物”。
例：There is a bird in the tree. 在樹(shù)上有一只鳥(niǎo)。
分析：“在樹(shù)上”(地點(diǎn))“有一只鳥(niǎo)”(存在物)。
7. “主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞+ 表語(yǔ)”(即“主系表”句型)
這一句型用以說(shuō)明“某人(某物、某事、某種概念)具有什么特征或處于什么狀態(tài)”。漢語(yǔ)的“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)屬于這一英語(yǔ)句型的形式之一。常用的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。
例： I am a teacher. 我是一名老師
分析：“我”(主語(yǔ))“是”(系動(dòng)詞)“一名老師”(表語(yǔ)―即表明主語(yǔ)的身份)。
She felt very tired. 她感覺(jué)到很累。
He became an engineer.他成為了一名工程師。
You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天臉色看起來(lái)蒼白，病了嗎?
8. 比較句型
這一句型用以比較物質(zhì)甲與乙之間的異同。
1) 相等比較: …as + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + as…;
…as + 形容詞+名詞 + as…
例：He is as rich as John.他和約翰一樣富有。
例：He has as much money as she does.他和她的錢(qián)一樣多
2) 劣等比較： …less + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + than …
例：He is less careful than she. 他沒(méi)她細(xì)心。
3) 優(yōu)等比較：…+ 形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) + than… ;
…the + 形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) + of the two…
例：She is more careful than he.她比他細(xì)心多了。
例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.兩個(gè)男孩中他更聰明些。
4)最高級(jí)：the + 形容詞/副詞最高級(jí)(單數(shù)名詞或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物｝
{in + 場(chǎng)所｝
例： He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。
9. “it + is/was + 形容詞 + to do/從句”(即評(píng)價(jià)句型)
這一句型用于說(shuō)明“某一動(dòng)作或事情屬于什么性質(zhì)或具有什么特征”。即對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或事情進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。(這里it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是 to do 結(jié)構(gòu)或 that 從句)
例：It is important to learn a foreign language.學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)很重要。
分析：本句重在說(shuō)明“學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)”(to learn a foreign language)這一動(dòng)作的性質(zhì)是“重要的”。
基式被動(dòng)句
句型[主語(yǔ)+(特殊定式動(dòng)詞)+be+過(guò)去分詞…+by+施動(dòng)者]
1. We have been greatly encouraged by Lei Fengs example.
2. Smoking is not permitted in this theatre. 3. How the steel was tempered?
4. Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory.
5. If Cowperwood were convicted, Stener needs must be.
6. The story will be continued in our next months issue.
7. Has the work been finished ahead of time?
[注] 閱讀時(shí)不要把含有by的成語(yǔ)當(dāng)成施動(dòng)者，如：by hand(用手)by itself(獨(dú)自)by storm(突然)by air(乘飛機(jī))例如： "Many years ago a great castle in Holland was taken by storm. The enemies entered the castle…"
句型[主語(yǔ)+get +過(guò)去分詞+其他]
1. He got killed in the war. 2. The boy got hurt on his way home from work.
3. This story eventually got translated into English. 4. He got dismissed. 5. He got plucked. 6. He got drowned last year. 7. I dont want to get mixed up with the police again.
句型[主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to be +過(guò)去分詞+其他]
1. She is bound to be received warmly. 2. We are liable to be overheard here.
3. He is not likely to have been notified about it. 4. Cast iron is apt to be broken.
5. Everything that is good is sure to be praised and everything bad is sure to be exposed.
6. He was unlucky to be hurt.
句型[主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+to be+過(guò)去分詞+其他]
1. He seemed to be shut up in himself like a shellfish. 2. Is it to be sung or said?
3. "Would you like to be taught Latin?" - I asked.
4. She asked to be sent to work in the countryside.
5. He preferred to be assigned something more difficult to do.
句型[主語(yǔ)+被動(dòng)式謂語(yǔ)+介詞/副詞虛助詞+by+施動(dòng)者]
1. He was often spoken about. 2. He was well looked after. 3. That man can be relied upon.
4. This idea was put forward by Mr. Wheatley. 5. Children are well taken care of in the nurseries.
[附注1] 表示被動(dòng)行為的施動(dòng)者主要用by，但也有用with, 不過(guò)with已近于表示行為的工具，后面不能接人的名詞，如：I was much impressed with the beauty of the music. He is deeply impressed with your generous donation.
He was killed with a bullet. I was struck with an idea.
[附注2] 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)式時(shí)，這個(gè)句子才可稱(chēng)為被動(dòng)句，下面的句子含有被動(dòng)意義的非謂語(yǔ)成分，雖然表達(dá)了一定的被動(dòng)意義，但是不能說(shuō)是被動(dòng)句，She didnt like herself to be praised like that. 這種被動(dòng)意義的非謂語(yǔ)成分主要由下了詞語(yǔ)表達(dá)出來(lái)：
1) 被動(dòng)不定式。它可以在句中作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。
It is an honor for me to be invited to take part in the meeting.
He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.
2) 被動(dòng)分詞在句中作定語(yǔ)、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)等。He told us to keep a secret of the things being discussed.
The goods ordered last month have not arrived yet. Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.
The speech made by the Prime Minister yesterday delighted his supporters.
3) 被動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞。I had the honor of being elected His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
返回:初中英語(yǔ)句型分類(lèi)知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解
初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)：限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1.二者差異比較
限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，同先行詞這間一般不加逗號(hào)，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞.關(guān)系副詞或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明，用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個(gè)主句，不可用that引導(dǎo)。
2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語(yǔ)的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3. 先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離
定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。例如：
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited.
返回：初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解――定語(yǔ)從句篇
初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中三年級(jí)上冊(cè)重要句型
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth. 16. It is said that…
初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中二年級(jí)下冊(cè)重要句型
1. We’d better not do sth.
2. leave one. oneself
3. find one’s way to a place
4. stand on one’s head
5. make sb. Happy
6. catch up with sb.
7. pass on sth. to somebody
8. spend time doing sth.
9. go on doing sth.
10. get on well with sb.
11. be angry with sb.
12. be fed up with sth.
13. not…until…
14. make room for sb.
初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中二年級(jí)上冊(cè)重要句型
樂(lè)加樂(lè)英語(yǔ)：搜集整理《初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中二年級(jí)上冊(cè)重要句型》供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)！
II. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中一年級(jí)下冊(cè)重要句型
樂(lè)加樂(lè)英語(yǔ)：搜集整理《初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中一年級(jí)下冊(cè)重要句型》供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)！
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.?
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat?
6. How do you spell …?
7. May I borrow…?
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